Literature and Poetry

The earliest extant record of Kannada poetry in tripadi metre are the Kappe Arabhatta record of 700 C.E. Kavirajamarga, of King Nripatunga Amoghavarsha I (850 CE.) is the earliest extant literary work in Kannada. It is a complex work on Kannada grammar meant to standardize various Kannada dialects used in literature in previous centuries. The book also makes reference to Kannada works by early writers such as King Durvinita. The work refers to the entire area between the Kaveri River and Godavari River as Kannada country, implying the language was popular further north in present day Maharashtra. Syamakundacharya of 650 C.E. was an early writer.

A early extant prose work in Kannada, Vaddaradhane by Sivakotyacharya of 900 C.E. century describes the life of Bhadrabahu of Shravanabelagola elaborately.Since the earliest extant Kannada work is one of complex grammar and a guide of sorts to unify existing variants of Kannada grammar and literary styles, it can be safely assumed that literature in Kannada must have started several centuries earlier. Many historians consider that only Sanskrit and Tamil have an older written tradition than Kannada based on available inscriptions and literature. Many Kannada works from 6th, 7th and 8th centuries mentioned in Kavirajamarga are not yet traced. Kannada literature has been prolific ever since.

Chudamani (a 96,000 verse-measures), a commentary on logic Tatwarthamahashastra by Tumbuluracharya is said to be from 7th. century. Karnateshwara Kathe depicting king Pulakesi II as its hero is also said to have belonged to the 7th century, Gajastaka a work on elephant management by king Shivamara II of Western Ganga Dynasty belonged to the 8th century. Kannada is one of the most ancient literatures not only of South India, but of all India as well. Tamil Buddhist commentators of the 10th century A.D. (Comentary on Nemrinatham, a Tamil grammatical work) make references that show that Kannada literature must have flourished as early as 4th century CE.

Current Literary Trends

Modern Kannada in twentieth century has been influenced by many movements. Notable among them are Navodaya, Navya, Dalita/Bandaya. Kannada literature has had the prestige of most Jnanpith awards (seven in all) and forty eight Sahitya Academy awards among all Indian languages.

Jnanpith Awardees

• Kuvempu for Sri Ramayana Darshanam (1967)
• Da.Ra.Bendre for Naaku thanthi (1973)
• Shivaram Karanth for Mookajjiya Kanasugalu (1977)
• Masti Venkatesh Iyengar for Chikkaveera Raajendhra (1983)
• Vi.Kru.Gokak for Bhaaratha Sindhhu Rashmi (1990)
• U.R.Ananthamurthy for his works in Kannada / samagra sahitya (1994)
• Girish Karnad for his works in Kannada Drama/ samagra sahitya (1998)
  

*******(Kannada bashege Jaikara)*******

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